PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATIONS OF SENIOR STUDENTS OF INSTITUTIONS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION AS THE BASIS OF CONSCIOUS CHOICE OF PROFESSION

Abstract

The article "Socio-professional guidelines of high school students ZSSO as a basis for conscious choice of profession" explores the peculiarities of forming the positions of optants on issues related to the choice of direction of professional self-realization. It is noted that structural social transformations require a qualitatively new approach to the organization of career guidance activities in educational institutions. When creating conditions to ensure a high level of readiness for students to choose a profession, it is necessary to take into account the attitude of the applicants themselves to this problem. Therefore, the aim was to analyze the dynamics of development of socio-professional orientations of high school students as the basis of conscious professional self-determination. The article highlights the approaches to outlining the essence of professional self-determination as a holistic process, presents its main indicators at the stage of optation and criteria for determining the degree of readiness of optants to choose a profession. The motivational basis of professional self ‒ determination as a system of incentives that motivate the individual to realize the need for professional self ‒ realization is determined. The factors under the influence of which the attitude to certain professions is formed are singled out. The article presents the results of questionnaires of high school students of Ternopil region conducted in 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020, which allowed to analyze the dynamics of forming positions of applicants on issues related to choosing the direction of professional self-realization, in time. The most prestigious professions, from the point of view of the applicants, as well as the influence of the attitude to one or another profession on the choice of further professional path are determined. Changes in the preferences of optants through the prism of years have been studied. The list of the most desirable, from the point of view of students, directions of further professional self-realization is given, and also the professions for which demand among applicants decreases or increases with time are singled out. The motivational basis of professional self-determination is analyzed in detail, in particular, the leading motives for choosing a profession by 9th and 11th grade students are determined and changes in the formation of the motivational core of professional self-determination during the studied periods are investigated. The most important factors influencing the professional self-determination of students and the attitude of optants to defend the independence of their choice are analyzed.