Управління ланцюгами створення цінності: логістичний підхід

Abstract

АНОТАЦІЯ Сивак Р.Б. Управління ланцюгами створення цінності: логістичний підхід. - Рукопис. Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.04 - економіка і управління підприємствами (за видами економічної діяльності). - Тернопільський національний економічний університет, Тернопіль, 2007. У дисертації сформульовано концепцію ланцюга створення сукупної цінності продукту, у якій цінність розглядається як діалектична єдність споживчої та мінової оцінки корисності продукту. Побудовано логістичну модель управління ланцюгом створення цінності для формування комплексу функціональних характеристик продукції на основі узгодження цілей споживача і підприємств-ланок ланцюга. Вироблено методику конкурентної ідентифікації учасників ланцюга створення цінності, яка містить алгоритм розподілу сукупної винагороди між його учасниками та враховує процеси міжланцюгової і внутрішньоланцюгової конкуренції. Ключові слова: логістика, логістичний ланцюг, цінність, концепція, управління, бізнес-процес, дистрибуція, споживач, модель, винагорода. ANNOTATION Syvak R.B. Management of product value creation chains: logistic approach. - Manuscript. Dissertation for a candidate degree in the field of Economic Sciences by speciality 08.00.04 - Economy and Management of Enterprises (due to the types of economic activity) - Ternopil National Economic University, Ternopil, 2007. In the dissertation the scientific task of conceptual principles making and management methodology of the product value creation chains as an institutional basis of logistic chain with the use of modern logistic approach is outlined and solved. On the basis of analysis and generalization of theoretical and methodological positions of axiology at the research of the economic phenomena the economic essence of category «value» is additionally grounded and directions of its use are outlined in the management of business-processes’ chains. Here is considered the concept of the total product value creation chain as the institutional basis of logistic business-processes’ chain in which the value is considered as dialectical unity of consumer and exchange utilities of a product in case of occurrence of the these consumer and exchange utilities. It is proved that the use of logistic approach in the product value creation management is determined by the change of priorities in economic practice of companies (the placement process control occupies one of key positions in activity of enterprises), and also by the use necessity of complex approach to material values flow in the process of production, that foresees the coordination of the processes related to the material streams, production, marketing. Market research of beer in Ukraine allowed to expose and formulate such tendencies of development of product value creation chains such as: a user identification as a link of value creation chain; status change of links of chain based on migration of value key points; transformation of internal and fragmentary external value chains in corporate chains; development of partner relations in chains. Here it is proved that the most explored enterprises passed the initial stage of partnership initiatives introduction, however, only certain leading companies realized the importance of deeper form of partnership - synchronizations of value creation chains. The formulated tendencies enabled to expose the mutual penetrating of the management systems of chains participants of beer market on principles of value- oriented points in ultimate product forming. A user determination as a value creation chain participant and the formation of partner relations herein to the chain confirm the necessity of making and introduction of the newest logistic value-oriented conception of commodity flows management. The market is characterized by the transformation of companies competition into value creation chains competition and internal chain competition in the struggle for the crucial value centers. The logistic model of value creation chains management for the step-by-step forming of product functional features package which is projected jointly with an user based on concordance of user’s aims (satisfaction of necessities through the consumed total value of product) and enterprises-links of the chain (through growth of value for organizations) is built. The model is built with taking into account the modern tendencies of competition relations development such as: determination of a user as a participant of the chain; change of competition forms; awareness of the product combined value common creation and the necessity of participation in the consolidated responsibility before an user for this value; identification necessity of every participant in the chain and on its basis the strategies construction of a partner and a competition behaviour of every link in particular and chain on the whole. The range of methods of value creation chain members competitive identification is developed which is based on the hypothesis about the origin of new forms of competition, namely: competition of value creation chains, the basic advantage of which is the size of the total value of ultimate product, and intra-chain competition of chain participants for the maximum reward, the advantage of which is the size of the added value formed by the business-processes of a particular chain participant. The methods foresee the simultaneous combination of three criteria: the average value of parts of the product combined value created by the chain participants; the average value of parts of the combined reward got by the chain enterprises-participants; the average value of parts of the combined cost of value creation chain participants business-processes. The approach towards optimization of the total reward distributing for the created product, which, unlike existing ones, foresees realization, on the basis of advantage function, distributing of this reward proportionally to part of the product total value created in the chain, is improved. In the dissertation it is offered the methodical tool of competitive strategy choice which is based on subjects consideration of intra-chain competition in three-dimensional space, segmented according to the part of the total value, achieved reward for its creation and parts of incurred expenses. Keywords: logistics, logistic chain, value, conception, management, business- process, distribution, user, model, reward.